The text discusses the different ways individuals approach prayer, highlighting two main modalities: avodah shebalev, where one connects emotionally and intellectually with Hashem during prayer, and incantational prayer, where the recitation of holy words is believed to have a supernatural effect regardless of understanding.

In this discussion on the state of prayer ("tefillah"), Daniel Korobkin explores the concept of prayer with intention ("kavanah") versus the recitation of prayers.