Five hundred years ago, Martin Luther spearheaded the Protestant Reformation with criticisms against the Roman Catholic church, yet his views on Jews turned deeply anti-Semitic over time.

The play "The Deputy," authored by Rolf Hochhuth, openly criticized Pope Pius XII's response to the Holocaust and was staged in 1963 by director Erwin Piscator, with Leo Kerz as the set designer and a Jewish refugee.