The article discusses the historical concept of "Muscular Judaism" promoted by Zionist leader Max Nordau in the 19th century as a response to anti-Semitism, emphasizing physical strength and agility as an important aspect of Jewish identity and self-defense.

In the article "When Bare-Knuckled Jewish Brawlers Bludgeoned the Nazis" by Michael Golden, the focus is on the Jewish-Americans in the 1930s who took action against the rising Nazi sentiment in the US by physically confronting members of the German American Bund.

Jerome Charyn, a prolific and diverse novelist residing in New York, has explored a wide range of historical and literary subjects in his over 50 books, which include crime novels, graphic novels, and biographies.

In the 1930s, as anti-Semitism rose in the U.S., Jewish gangsters like Meyer Lansky took violent action against anti-Semitic groups like the Nazi Bund, disrupting their meetings and attacking members to prevent their activities.