This text discusses the experiences of Italian Jewish writers during the years between Mussolini's rise to power in 1922 and the defeat of Fascism and the Nazis in 1945.

The text discusses various perspectives and viewpoints on different literary works and their influences.

Giorgio Bassani's "Memory Garden" centers around his novel "The Novel of Ferrara," a reflection on the Italian Jews' fate during Mussolini's rule and the Holocaust.

The text discusses the historical context of antifascist movements in America, focusing on the contributions of early antifas in the 1920s like Carlo Tresca, an Italian-American trade unionist who opposed Mussolini's fascism.