The article discusses the historical concept of "Muscular Judaism" promoted by Zionist leader Max Nordau in the 19th century as a response to anti-Semitism, emphasizing physical strength and agility as an important aspect of Jewish identity and self-defense.

The 1939 Yiddish film "Mothers of Today" depicts the clash between old-world values and modernity through the characters of Mrs. Valdman, a traditional neighbor, and Mrs. Bokser, a modern woman.

Nathan Kaplan, also known as Kid Dropper or Jack the Dropper, was a Jewish gangster who reigned over the Lower East Side of New York City for four years in the early 20th century.

"The King of Warsaw" by Szczepan Twardoch is a crime novel set in interwar Poland that explores the underworld of Jewish gangsters in Warsaw.

The text describes the author's deep connection to New York City, particularly his father's stories of Jewish Brooklyn and its gangster legends.

In the 1930s, as anti-Semitism rose in the U.S., Jewish gangsters like Meyer Lansky took violent action against anti-Semitic groups like the Nazi Bund, disrupting their meetings and attacking members to prevent their activities.

In the post-World War II era, the Jewish Agency established a covert arms procurement network in the United States under the Haganah, involving a diverse group of Americans, including Jewish gangsters, who provided crucial support for the future state of Israel.