Moses Mendelssohn (1729-1786), often regarded as the "German Socrates," was a prominent Jewish thinker in the 18th and 19th centuries.

In "Shylock's Venice: The Remarkable History of Venice's Jews and the Ghetto," Harry Freedman delves into the intriguing history of Venetian Jews from the 15th to the 18th century.

The article discusses the Enlightenment and its relevance today.

The text describes the history of anti-Semitism and the ongoing threat that Jews face, both historically and in the present.

Modernity has brought changes to Jewish prayer, impacting the siddur (prayer book).

The author expresses their love for Israel, citing its miraculous creation and history.

In this discussion, the focus is on the Jewish response to the Enlightenment movement, particularly examining the Vilna Gaon's perspective.

The episode discusses the early response to Enlightenment and Haskala, exploring when reactions to Enlightenment started and the Torah's framework for addressing challenges.

The author discusses the skepticism around the miracle of the oil lasting for eight days during Hanukkah and the denial of miracles in general in the context of the Enlightenment.

In his book "Revolutionary Jews from Spinoza to Marx," Jonathan I. Israel explores the role of Jews in the Enlightenment and the impact of radical Enlightenment ideas on Jewish history.

This article discusses the concept of Jewish powerlessness and its historical context.

In "Moses and Hellenism," Bernd Witte presents a provocative historical and cultural argument that explores the intertwining of Greek and Jewish cultures in German intellectual history.

In the 1830s, France faced a crisis about Enlightenment ideals following the conquest of Algeria.

During the age of the scientific revolution, figures like Sir Isaac Newton held beliefs that God's revelations were found in both Scripture and Nature, working to reconcile the two as books authored by God.

Moses Mendelssohn, an influential 18th-century Jewish philosopher, was celebrated for advocating Jewish rights, promoting modernity, translating the Bible into German, and producing the political-philosophical work "Jerusalem."

Dr. Rony Klein, a professor specializing in French political thought at Tel Aviv University, examines how Jewish philosophers in the late 20th century critiqued Enlightenment ideas that had dominated their intellectual environment.

The author reflects on a conversation about philosopher Leo Strauss and his idea of esoteric writing, where authors hide true meanings to protect themselves and society.

The text discusses the evolution of ideas on religion, atheism, and postmodernism, particularly through the analysis of Terry Eagleton's book "Culture and the Death of God."